Pattern recognition receptors and inflammation. Among PRRs (toll-like receptors (TLRs), C-type lectin receptors (CLRs), retinoic acid-inducible Feb 21, 2025 · Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), consisting of Toll-like receptors, RIG-I-like receptors, cytosolic DNA sensors, and NOD-like receptors, sense exogenous pathogenic molecules and endogenous damage signals to maintain physiological homeostasis. It is triggered by pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) which recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). PRRs are expressed on the cell membranes by TLR1, 2, 4, and 6 and in the cytosolic organelles by TLR3, 7, 8, and 9, NLRs, ALRs, and Jul 11, 2025 · Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) are sensors in the immune system, detecting pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). Recent discoveries demonstrate that PRRs not only detect pathogens but also actively regulate immune cell metabolism and transcriptional landscapes, thereby potentiating the speed and magnitude of Infection of cells by microorganisms activates the inflammatory response. Expand Apr 1, 2013 · Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) are a family of germline encoded receptors responsible for the detection of “pathogen associated molecular patterns” (PAMPs) or host derived “damage associated molecular patterns” (DAMPs) which induce innate immune signalling to generate a pro-inflammatory profile within the host. The intracellular signaling cascades triggered by these PRRs lead to transcriptional expression of inflammatory mediators Abstract Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) are fundamental to the innate immune system, functioning to detect and eliminate invading pathogens by inhibiting their replication and limiting host tissue damage. The intracellular signaling cascades triggered by these PRRs lead to transcriptional expression of inflammatory mediators Jun 25, 2025 · Abstract Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) function as pivotal components of the innate immune system by orchestrating trained immunity through dynamic epigenetic and metabolic reprogramming. PRRs recognize pathogen associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and activate immune cells through a signaling cascade. The intracellular signaling cascades triggered by these PRRs lead to transcriptional expression of inflammatory mediators Background Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) are pivotal in the field of immunology, serving as the primary sensors for detecting microbial infections and initiating the body's inflammatory response. Upon activation, PRRs stimulate the sensitization of nuclear factor κB, mitogen-activated protein kinase, TANK-binding kinase 1-interferon (IFN Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) are sensors of exogenous and endogenous "danger" signals from pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), and damage associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), while autophagy can respond to these signals to control homeostasis. May 21, 2025 · Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) are the receptors of the innate immune system that play a vital role in initiating innate immune response. The initial sensing of infection is mediated by innate pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), which include Toll-like receptors, RIG-I-like receptors, NOD-like receptors, and C-type lectin receptors. Mar 19, 2010 · Infection of cells by microorganisms activates the inflammatory response. The intracellular signaling cascades triggered by these PRRs lead to transcriptional expression of inflammatory mediators Mar 19, 2010 · This review discusses the recent developments in microbial recognition by Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and intracellular nucleic acid sensors and the signaling pathways initiated by them. They serve as Infection of cells by microorganisms activates the inflammatory response. Infection of cells by microorganisms activates the inflammatory response. Aug 1, 2025 · Through direct recognition of pathogen-associated molecular patterns and damage-associated molecular patterns, PRRs initiate inflammatory responses, including cytokine production, and modulate the adaptive immune response. Damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) are endogenous danger signal molecules released by damaged, stressed or dead cells that bind to pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), activating immune responses and inflammatory signaling pathways to play critical regulatory roles in various pathophysiological processes. Aug 4, 2021 · PRRs bridge nonspecific immunity and specific immunity. The initial sensing of infection is mediated by innate pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), which include Toll-like recep-tors, RIG-I-like receptors, NOD-like receptors, and C-type lectin receptors. This review provides a detailed overview of PRR-ligand recognition, downstream signaling mechanisms, and inflammasome activation, and discusses emerging insights into PRR regulation that hold promise for novel immunotherapeutic interventions. Almost all PRRs can induce autopha …. Through direct recognition of pathogen-associated molecular patterns and damage-associated molecular patterns, PRRs initiate inflammatory responses, including cytokine production, and Abstract Background: Evolutionarily, immune response is a complex mechanism that protects the host from internal and external threats. ABSTRACT The inflammatory response of innate immune system deals with infection of microorganism, tissue injury and malfunction. Through the recognition and binding of ligands, PRRs can produce nonspecific anti-infection, antitumor, and other immunoprotective effects. Pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs) recognize MAMPs, PAMPs, and DAMPs to initiate a protective pro-inflammatory immune response. lvuaj iaggxf ljdd tkl xsu bfrvu qvls xmblj atj xiwgqm